Whispered Essay Topics for Harvard Application Secrets

Whispered Essay Topics for Harvard Application Secrets Essay isn't a four-letter wordthough you might feel like using a couple of your own when it is time to write one. You do not have to incorporate every book you read in the previous calendar year. Or perhaps you strive to write like a specific author one day. With them, you may rest assured your instructions will be adequately covered irrespective of your level or subject. There might be personal information which you want considered as a member of your admissions application. If you would like assistance with your application documents, we are the proper people to help you. If it's possible to paint a crystal clear picture for your reader by offering details, you're considerably more likely to file a marker in their memories. To get essay online, you merely will need to fill in the application form and you'll get excellent work on the desired topic. Therefore, if you begin with a terrible topic, not only will you wind up with a poor essay, but you risk ruining the superior impression that the remainder of your application makes. All these applications need an essay response. It worries many students who have bad language abilities or who have no clue how to write great essays for their application practice. It matters not whether it's a college application essay which has been stressing you for months and you haven't yet figured out where to get started. Fortunately, you have enough time to get ready for the typical college application essay. Fortunately, colleges will think something similar about you in the event that you choose to incorporate your love of literature in your essay. Bucknell university application essay Colleges don't request that you write essays since they wish to make you compose a very clear and creative essay about it a story only you may tell! Unfortunately, stumbling in the TMI zone of essay topics is more prevalent than you believe. Do remember, however, that the absolute most important thing about the essay is the fact that it should be something only you could write! If you're looking for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. Thus, the essay is supposed to coincide with the applicant's qualities and interests in order for it to boost the probabilities of admission. You don't need to select the essay topics literally. The essay topic are available in the on-line application and ought to be no longer. For a beginning, the typical application essay topics need you to use language that's totally free from language flaws and grammatical mistakes. While there are lots of topics you'll be able to choose for an application essay, not all of these may be applicable to your special circumstance. Keep in mind, no reader would like to be lectured at. Who knowsthe response to that question may be the foundation for your admission essay. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. You also need to demonstrate your capacity to reflect on society from other perspectives. Some undesirable topics show admissions officers you don't have a great awareness of judgment or maturity, which is a problem as they are building a category of college students who have in order to manage independent life on campus. For some folks, religion plays a huge part. For others, deficiency of religion has an equally enormous part. Using Essay Topics for Harvard Application First of all, you want to account an engaging story. The Common Application also has a personal essay. Don't forget that the Common App offers you creative license. College will change you.

Essay on Human Resources Labor Unions - 2533 Words

The Impact of Labor Unions in the Hospitality Industry Sophia Gomez June 7, 2012 Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1 The History of Labor Unions.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Labor Unions Today†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...............4 Labor Unions and Their Impact in the Hospitality Industry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...................................................6 How to Remain Union Free†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........8 Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....9 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Abstract Labor Unions in the United States have protected employee rights and benefits for several decades. Human Resources play an essential role†¦show more content†¦Due to the changes and intense job conditions labor unions began to form in an effort to bargain for better rights. Strikes took place, resulting in conflict between workers and employers. The most influential of the unions being created at the time was the American Federation of Labor union due to its focus on higher wages and improved working conditions for its members. Miners in the mining industry were faced with long working hours, unsafe working conditions and were poorly paid. Most lived in company towers where doctors, schools, and law enforcement were provided by the actual companies in an effort to control the workers. â€Å"Companies maintained an oppressive working environment, prohibiting workers from talking or gathering, to discourage the creation of unions.† (Habashi, 2011) In 1890 the Unite Mine Workers of America was founded representing workers in the mining sector that fought for collective bargaining. During 1933 and 1936, President Franklin Roosevelt’s â€Å"New Deal† was created protecting the rights of labor unions and prohibited employers from firing workers who took part in union activities. Labor Unions Today The work force has become extremely competitive over the past decade due to the drop in the economy. Union members are found to be in an advantage being that in some cases they earn aShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Union And Human Resources1205 Words   |  5 Pagesof the union is ensuring the labor can get their rights, such as minimum wages, working environment, and pensions and so on. The union supports labor that when a company gets profit, labor can get their reasonable benefit back. The trend of an organization is management in the twenty-first century. A company thinks an employee is part of assets in the organization. Therefore, the Human Resource Management is more valuable than the union to manage the employee. History of Union and Human ResourcesRead MoreRole Of Unions During The United States899 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Unions in the United States According to Dias, a union is an organization of employees that forms to negotiate or bargain with an employer (Dias, 2012). Unions are a part of our Nation’s history, allowing workers the power to negotiate wages, work hours, benefits, health and safety guidelines, training, and other work related issues, and helped to create todays labor standards. These standards include minimum wage, social security, eight-hour workday and weekends, overtime pay, the AmericanRead MoreHistory of Human Resource Management Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesHistory of Human Resource Management Human resource management is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organizations most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business. The terms human resource management and human resources (HR) have largely replaced the term personnel management as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations. Human Resource managementRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Human Resources Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesHuman resource management has continued to change through the years. Dating back as far as prehistoric times to where HRM is today. All organizations want to thrive and in today’s world it has become harder than ever to find success. The right human resource management team can improve the overall function of an organization. HRM balance multiple important roles such as; employee recruitment, planning and organizing, employee eva luations, conflict resolution, and much more. Most organizationsRead MoreWalmart Corporation s Labor And Employee Relations1700 Words   |  7 Pagesagainst labor unions and this issue has prompted public outrage, (Johansson, 2005) which is of great concern for the market. The company has also faced criticism for being anti-union, but it has claimed that it is rather pro-associate, whereby employees can report their grievances with the company through their open door policy (Greenhouse, 2015). This research paper will examine the validity of this claim as well as look into how well the Walmart Corporation has been managing their labor and employeeRead MoreMicrosofts Human Resource Management Strategy679 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Microsoft CORPORATION HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Company Profile: Microsoft Corporation Importance of Strategic Human Resource Management Talent Management Strategies Compensation and benefit packages for employees Policies and practices for Labor relations management Comparison with the Competitors Conclusion OBJECTIVES OF THE HRM STRATEGY To design effective talent management strategies; including recruitment and selection, motivation and retention, performanceRead MoreA Positive Relation Between Organizations, Human Resources, And Government Interventions1193 Words   |  5 Pages Additionally, trust in organizations is a positive relation with behavior at the workplace and is connected with unions, human resources, and government interventions.Most government marketplace interventions have used the alternative treatment principle of triage to split those in pain into three groups : those who cannot be helped with the assets offered ,those who will recuperate (or at least continue ) without any help, and those who will improve only with instant assistance(Sastre,2010, chapRead MoreLabor Relations Essay968 Words   |  4 Pages From the beginning, the American Federation of Labor (AFL) set out to be a different. Rather than focusing on remolding American life and the institutions in control of American life, th e AFL sought to better workers lives by securing higher wages, a shorter work day, and more favorable working conditions (Holley, Jennings, Wolters, 2009). The AFL also divided membership up by trade, recognizing that different skilled trades had individualized needs (Holley, Jennings, Wolters, 2009). TheRead MoreRelationship Between Management And The Labor Union Essay776 Words   |  4 Pages!!!Labor Relations Mexa Manufacturing has heard rumblings of employees wanting to join a union. A __union__, is a labor organization appointed to act on behalf of the best interest of workers. Companies where unions are present, the relationship between management and the labor representatives are called __labor relations__. John, a consultant was hired by Mexa Manufacturing to explain the labor relations process. The company in its current structure is considered non-unionized; which means employeeRead MoreBenefits Of Unionization For Unionized Workers Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction As the Assistant Director of Human Resources for a 400-bed hospital, employing nearly 3,000 employees, 800 of which are registered nurses. The local not-for-profit facility on the east side of town is under pressure to unionize form the SEIU-Healthcare based on their wages and staffing ratios. I have been asked by my Director of Human Resources what is my opinion on the next course of action for my hospital. The Advantages to the Organization for Unionized Unionization offers employees

5 Kinds of Introduction to Report Writing Assignments

When writing a report, you will undoubtedly find yourself facing the daunting task of creating an introduction. An introduction can be difficult to write, especially if you’re dealing with one of many unfamiliar report types. Generally speaking, you should give yourself answers to two key questions before writing: ‘What is the purpose of your report?’ and ‘Who will your reader be?’ To address the purpose of your report, you might think about the context. Are you planning to collect some data and then present the findings in a formal setting? Are you going to review some literature? Perhaps you are writing a personal, reflective, or narrative-style essay. You may also be reviewing a research conducted by yourself or by others. Once you have determined the type of essay you plan to write, you can formulate an effective introduction. The most common types of introduction to report writing are listed below, along with the benefits associated with each type. 1. Personalized Introduction If you plan to write a personal essay, perhaps a report detailing an experience you have had or your opinion on a specific topic, you will likely include a personalized introduction. This sort of introduction may begin with a question, a quotation from a respected source, or a thoughtful reflection. This type of introduction, which will likely include personal interjections and phrases such as â€Å"I believe,† should not be used in other types of report introductions. These help hook the reader because they draw them into the writers personal life, allowing them to see the relevance of the topic in a real-world setting. 2. Technical Introduction If you are writing a technical report, this is the best introduction to use. A technical introduction will include background information on the topic, along with relevant facts, figures, and statistics. Quotations, personal interjections, and questions generally aren’t used. These introductions are fact-based and are designed to create the context for the reader before jumping into a technical report such as a laboratory report, a business report, or a diagnostic report. Technical introductions are useful for highly structured pieces because they get right down to the nitty-gritty of why we are reading the report. These are often used in business settings where efficiency and speed of use are of utmost importance, so flowery language and excessive background information are not necessary. 3. Scientific Research Introduction Scientific introductions are similar to technical ones as they tend to be fact-based and develop the important context for the reader. However, if you are writing a scientific report intended for submission to a scholarly or academic research journal, you will need to follow a specific template and be sure to provide information such as scientific methods and research questions. Like with technical introductions, these types of introductions serve a distinct purposeto help lead into a scientific research report which ultimate goal is to convince the reader of the overall outcomes of a scientific experiment. 4. Literary Analysis Introductions These are common types of introductions used for collegiate literary essays. Typically, these introductions also refrain from the use of personal interjections or questions; they discuss an overall thesis. The thesis should state a key literary element and thematic issue that are going to be discussed in a literary work. These hooks are ideal for any analysis of an important literary work. 5. Expository Introduction For any other type of report, such as a general independent research report or expository essay, you will likely follow this format. An expository introduction does just what its name impliesit sets up background information (or â€Å"exposes† that information) for the reader and lets readers see where you will be taking them throughout your essay. Again, refrain from any personal interjections, and you also will not need to include weighty facts, figures, or statistics. You might start with an intriguing hook to get them going. Regardless of the report type you choose to write, your introduction will prove to be just as important as your final report outcome. If you are unable to hook your reader within the first paragraph, they likely won’t stick around for the rest of it. Make sure you choose the right introduction type for your report, so as to avoid sounding over- or under-personalized. And don’t forget to wrap up the essay with a nice, encompassing conclusion, too!

The Media s Ideal Body - 1933 Words

The Media’s â€Å" Ideal Body† Todays media portrays a standard of beauty for women of an unrealistic weight and an overall appearance which leads people to believe they need to have an â€Å"ideal body†. In particular, girls, 91% of teen girls are unhappy with their bodies (Article: 11 facts about body image, Do something campaign). The teenage years are a time when people are naturally self conscious. Teens can be more vulnerable to media influences about body image and how they â€Å"should† look. In as single day we can be subjected by up to 500 advertisements. These ads portrayed perfectly airbrushed models that are unrealistically thin and have zero â€Å"flaws†. There are also numerous ads assuming we want and need to look like the models. They†¦show more content†¦She had the idle body image for that decade, tall with a wide bust and hips. In 1910-1920 when the flapper look was in, the ideal look was a skinny girl with a smaller bust. Around 1930-1940 during the war, big ger shoulder pads where the style with naturally curvy figures. In the 1950’s the big push to be curvy came as Marilyn Monroe and Grace Kelly were huge influences. Everyone wanted an hourglass figure and being skinny was not in fashion. There were lots of ads about how to gain weight. Then in the 1960’s the media became interested in Twiggy, the skinny, boyish looking model. Their views changed to focus on the importance of being skinny. No matter the year or the â€Å"ideal body shape of the decade† the media has impacts on how we try to be and fix ourselves. We have recently seen more articles and public speeches on how the media is negatively influencing our society. People are beginning to realize how much of an influence the media is having on teens. There are many studies being conducted with middle and high school students proving information on the influence of advertising. Children are being influenced at such an early age that by the time they get into high school they already have low self esteem and want to change themselves to fit into the unrealistic standards of beauty they see advertised. There have been reports of anorexia starting as young as age 8( Article: Teen Anorexia Statistics, Newport Academy Teen Treatment Center). This problem

Fast Food Nation By Wendell Berry s The Pleasures Of Eating

Schlosser’s ‘Fast Food Nation’ and Wendell Berry’s ‘The Pleasures of Eating’ have undeniably altered the manner in which I will forever view fast and processed foods. After reviewing the two readings, I am convinced that fast and processed food consumers are the victims of large franchises seeking to make a quick buck at the expense of the consumer’s health. Fast food and processed food consumers are ignorant of the quality of the food that they choose to purchase, solely depending on franchises for the information. Franchisees, on the other hand, choose to conceal this information as revealing it would spell huge losses. They manipulate and decorate food items so as to get consumers to purchase them, with no regard for the health implications they subject their consumers. Fast and processed food consumers are passive victims of food industry franchises. Such consumers usually purchase these food items, without questioning the cost or the origin. None of us ever stop to think how fresh or hygienic the food is. Does the processing procedure decrease the nutritive value of the food? Were chemicals used in the growing of it and if so is the food then dangerous? Would the food item be cheaper if the advertising, transportation, and packaging costs were excluded? (Pleasures of Eating - Wendell Berry | Center for Ecoliteracy). Industry consumers have no inkling the conditions under which these foods were produced; no idea of the type of farms, techniques or impediments that theShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pages Marketing management – an introduction Unit structure: 1. Introduction 2. Learning Objectives 3. Marketing Management 3.1. Evolution of marketing management 3.2. The Role of Marketing 3.3. Marketing concepts 3.4. The Marketing Mix (The 4 P s Of Marketing) 3.5. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Ethics in Marketing 4. Have you understood type questions 5. Summary 6. Exercises 7. References 1. INTRODUCTION: The apex body in United States of America for the Marketing functions, American

Adam Smiths and David Ricardos Definition of the Economy Book Report/Review

Essays on Adam Smiths and David Ricardos Definition of the Economy Book Report/Review ï » ¿ Adam Smith’s and David Ricardo’s Definition of the Economy Most scholars call Adam Smith the father of economics because of his views on the subject (Hunt Lautzenheiser, 68). Adam Smith was a Scottish philosopher and he gave insights about technology and friendship that are useful in the current world today. He argues that the wealth of nations come the ideology that economies do best when they pursue their own interests. One individual may decide to sell cars, another may decide to broke insurance as a source of livelihood. The decisions to engage into economic activities are rational and lead to the combined development of an economy. According to Smith, the involvement of the government into the affairs of individuals leads to the disruption of the economic development of the country. Adam Smith believes that nations get their wealth when individuals are at liberty to use their skills and capital in their own personal welfare (Hunt Lautzenheiser, 70). Ricardo's argument was prominent during the Industrial Revolution. He read the work of Adam Smith and came up with the labor theory of value. He maintained that most of the scholars and Adam Smith did not provide enough information on rental fee, earnings, and salaries in an economy. He develops the initiative of comparative costs which states economies can get products at a lower cost if they are manufacture them at a home country rather than trading. His argument defines international trade in most countries in the modern world (Meek, Bentham Stark, 25). He argues that countries should maintain producing commodities in which they have comparative advantage over. The self-interest of individuals drives the development of most economies in the world. England can produce a single bottle of wine with a time of five hours of comprehensive labor. In relation to the matter, it can produce a single loaf of bread with ten hours. On the contrary, France is more productive, produces a single bottle of wine with three hours, and uses an hour to produce a loaf of bread. Statistically, the cost of producing a single loaf of bread in England is lower in terms of labor. It means that England produces a half loaf of bread for the production of one single bottle of wine. On the other hand, France has to produce three loaves of bread for the production of a single bottle of wine. According to Ricardo, England has a comparative advantage over the production of wine in their country. It produces two bottles of wine for every single loaf of bread it produces. On the contrary, France manages to produce a third of the bottle of wine for each production of bread. Statistically, it means that France has comparative advantage in the production of bread. Adam Smith argues that nations have to pursue personal interest for economic development (Meek, Bentham Stark, 78). On the contrary, Ricardo insists that nations should trade commodities in which they have comparative advantage over in order to make sense economically. England should focus in the production of wine and France focus on bread production. According to theory of Ricardo, both countries are producing products, which have a lower comparative cost. Works Cited Hunt, E. K, and Mark Lautzenheiser. History Of Economic Thought. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis, 2015. Print. Meek, Ronald L., Jeremy Bentham, and W. Stark. 'Economic Writings, Vol I.'. The Economic History Review 15.1 (2008): 98. Web.

Baby Institute Is A Program Facility - 980 Words

Baby Institute is a program facility that cater to low income and high crime rate in the Paramore area in Orlando, Florida. This program is to teach parents the best way to properly care and educate their children. We will teach the parents how to see the signs of development with their child. Parents will able to ask questions and get answers for topics that is important to them regarding their child development. This is a five week program which the parent receive a certificate of completion at the end. During this five week program, we will focus on children from birth through 18 months. First Week (Session 1) In the first week (session 1) of the program, we will give the parents a tour of all the classroom that we have set up for their children as well introduce them to our staff. We will also insure them that their children are in good hands while they are learning the materials. During our time together, we will allow them introduce themselves to one another so that they will feel comfortable expressing how they feel about certain situation in their life. The parents will be provided with a folder full of materials to read at home and also will have homework to participate with their children every week. Let the parents know what the program is about. Have the parents write down their idea of proper care for different scenarios and what are they expecting to learn from attending the program. Second Week (Session 2) For the second session, the topic we willShow MoreRelatedAlternatives For Overcrowding Emergency Departments1745 Words   |  7 Pagesreceive the care they need. Aging populations, under or non-insured patients, Medicaid expansions, and Psychiatric/Behavioral Health problems directly impact overcrowding in the Emergency Department. Providing alternative facilities and services, and utilizing Community Paramedicine programs will alleviate the strain overcrowding Emergency Departments face on a regular basis. Introduction: Overcrowding in the Emergency Department (ED) has been effecting Hospitals around the United States within the lastRead MoreEssay on Trends in Long-Term Care and Associated Implications 1648 Words   |  7 Pagesand even informal caregivers such as friends and family members. Long-term care services have been dominated by community based services, which include informal care (86%, about 10 to 11 million) and formal institutional care delivered in nursing facilities (14%, 1.6 million) (McCall, 2001). Of more than the 10 million Americans estimated to require LTC services, 58% are elderly and 42% are under the age of 65 (Shi L. Singh D.A., 2011). The users of LTC are either frail elderly or disabled andRead MoreFunctions of a Nurse in Health Care1843 Words   |  7 Pagesto the fully grown baby and the adulthood. There were astonishing statistics from the 2008 and 2009 data that relates to the pregnant women and drug abuse. It is indicated that the drug abuse by preg nant women who are younger was higher than the elderly ones. The percentages of pregnant women between the ages of 15 to 17 and abused drugs stood at 15.8% of them, a figure that is relatively higher that that of women in the same age gap who are not pregnant at 13% (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2011)Read MoreMedication Safety Guidelines And Information1433 Words   |  6 PagesMedication Safety Guidelines and Information In 1966 at a Denver hospital, a Spanish couple welcomed a new baby to the world. The couple only spoke Spanish, and this caused communication between the couple and the healthcare staff to be impaired. The mother had a history of syphilis, and it was hard for the hospital to receive how the mother had been treated for this disease. After discussion amongst the employees, a decision was made to treat their newborn for congenital syphilis and an order wasRead MoreThe Rate Of Preterm Birth Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Premature (preterm) birth† which occurs when the baby is born too early, before 37 weeks of gestational period (CDC, 2015). The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born across 184 countries (WHO, 2015). Premature birth is an important public health priority in terms of health of women and infants. Every year an estimated 15 million preterm babies are born and this number is still rising (WHO, 2015).In 2014, 1 of every 10 babies born in United States were premature andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Jailing Black Babies By James G. Gilman865 Words   |  4 Pagesto look into prison nurseries. There are currently only 9 states in the US that have a program that resemble a prison nursery, before the 1970’s most female prison facilities provided a form of nursery program for female inmates who gave birth while incarcerated. This topic brings about very strong emotions and firm ideals. A research paper published by William and Mary Law School titled, Jailing Black Babies, written by James G. Dwyer expresses concerns such as violating the infants 14th amendmentRead MoreNorth Carolina s Nursing Shortage875 Words   |  4 Pageschange; as documented in the Futur e of Nursing’s report, by the Institute of Medicine in cooperation with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundations’, Campaign for Action. (IOM, 2010) (RWFF, 2010) Both reports lay the groundwork that influences NC current nursing shortage. At the same time; to make health care more affordable, the Affordable Care Act was entered into law (ACA, 2010). Additionally, hospitals and other health care facilities are applying for, and meeting criteria for accreditation and isRead MoreA Health Profile Of The Country Of Malawi Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity. The HSA conduct health education services, immunizations, and other services. The two main health service providers in Malawi are the Malawi Government and then the Christian Hospital Association of Malawi (CHAM). The government health facilities are responsible for about 60% of the health services while the CHAM accounts for about 35% (CDC, 2016). There are private organizations that offer services to the remainder of the population. Malawi, a largely agricultural country, is making effortsRead MoreEssay about The Cost of Childcare1270 Words   |  6 Pagesone child in a childcare facility ranges from $100-$350 a week. The government offers families subsidies for childcare, but that’s only if your income is low. What about the hard working middle class families that are still struggling to pay the high cost of childcare? How will they provide childcare for their kids? Families have many choices for childcare, ranging from in-home care, a childcare facility, an after school program or a government-funded head start program. The cost of childcare hasRead MoreThe Impact Of The Nursing Shortage On The Profession Of Nursing Essay1412 Words   |  6 Pagesprofession in the U.S. Nurses perform many different patient care task and deliver critical health care services in many different settings, including hospitals, nursing homes, ambulatory care clinics, hospice, home health care and public health facilities. The distinction among the different types of nursing reflects education, role and medical background. Registered nurses have different levels of educational degrees. Every graduate nurse must pass the national exam, The NCLEX-RN, before they

An Actionable Plan on Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts in Simple Step by Step Order

An Actionable Plan on Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts in Simple Step by Step Order Be certain your draft discusses and covers different facets of the problem and supplies a reader with an accurate background info. The author includes background info and examples. The best method to be prepared to write about such topics is to be acquainted with them. An academic letter is not only a document that can showcase your mastery when it has to do with a specific academic subject. For this reason, you must have the ability to compose your introduction fairly quickly so it's possible to begin writing your body paragraphs. Based on the subject of education where you are in, you will need to be sure your readers can observe patterns of evidence presented so that they can clearly see how you had the ability to generate and produce insights. You would begin by introducing the theory you're challenging. Facts, Fiction and Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts These IELTS sample essays are categorised in a manner that makes it simple for you to observe how certain essay question types require that you supply certain responses to be sure the question is completely answered. When utilizing a template for a guide, always make sure it's applicable to the study that you're practicing or the academic area or discipline at which you wil l use your academic essay. There are someA last minute essay writingA activities that are finished in a variety of fields especially if students feel an academic essay is only part of their requirements. The course materials you have to speak about within an academic essay can reflect your degree of understanding about the matter. If you're asking yourself the best way to compose a great discussion essay and still don't have any luck then welcome to our site. A great discussion essay must incorporate a comprehensive discussion of each side of the topic. Usually, it provides readers with a thorough discussion of different sides of a topic. Take a look at our essay correction support. The Fundamentals of Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts Revealed You aren't able to create a great paper utilizing the only source since it presents an information using it's own opinion. A great balance of simple and intricate sentences is utilised to develop an argument. Only utilize words you're confident about. There are difference contexts that could be used within the very same subject so that you must make sure you will be clear in regards to identifying the section of the topic that you're going to chat about. Other scientists think that it is a terrible idea and would be dangerous. The overpopulation o f urban areas has caused numerous troubles. To begin with, growing prosperity in many elements of earth has increased the quantity of families with money to put money into their kids' future. The free movement of products across national borders has for ages been a controversial matter. The Key to Successful Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts The purpose of any exhibition needs to be to teach visitors something they did not previously know. Having access to previously completed work which you can have confidence in will show you exactly what you're missing. In summary, it appears to me that a fantastic museum should have the ability to offer you an interesting, enjoyable and educational experience so that individuals can both have fun and learn something at exactly the same moment. Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts at a Glance For instance, it is not possible to develop into a doctor, teacher or lawyer without having the appropriate degree. Quite s imply, there are scores and scores of positions in a company which needs an appropriate qualification to enter, such as doctor, lawyer. A lot of people say that the only method to guarantee a great job is to finish a plan of university education. To conclude, getting a great job demands an appropriate background either in experience or education based on the kind of work and field. The War Against Samples of Discussion Essay for Academic Ielts Though some think the very best means is to use the death penalty for a deterrent, a lot of people feel that other measures will be necessary. Therefore, there's a demand for differentvery varied conditions whilealthough it is quite tough to offer you that. You must be focused on what you want to accomplish your final written output so that you can incorporate successful guides and processes within the activity. The things that are happening in real and supports the very first standpoint. Then utilizing the important on your view poin ts make an outline. You would then explain and talk about the evidence and distinct points of view concerning the situation. The topic of the very first point of view b.

Process Innovation Information Technology

Question: Discuss about the Process Innovation for Information Technology. Answer: Introduction The development of IT and its uses in business organization has seen a great rise in present scenario (Davenport 2013). More and more number of organizations has started using the IT tools and techniques for increasing the efficiency of their operations. The report has been made for understanding the role of IT investments and its generation for business value. The case study used in the report is of DBS bank and the title is rewiring the enterprise for digital innovation: the case of DBS bank. The report would present an evaluation of the various forms of business returns and its credentials. Forms of Business Returns at DBS bank Business returns can be defined as a measure of profitability that would help in measuring the performance of the business organization (Yeager and Goldenberg 2012). The DBS bank had grown from a sole bank in Singapore to become one of the largest banks in the world. The forms of business returns had helped in understanding the net profitability from the DBS bank operations. High net worth investment (HNWI): According to Kangave et al. (2016), the High net worth investment (HNWI) wealth for the DBS bank had provided the annual rate of 9.8%. It had formed the growth of the DBS bank at the Asian region when compared to its European at 7.1% and North America at 6.4%. It is evident from the figures that the Asian province of the DBS bank has received most numbers of investments when it is compared with centers of the bank at other regions. Strategic Flexibility: The strategic flexibility provides the sought for coping with change in competitive conditions. The primary problems for the operation of re-posting the capabilities and assets for strategic aspirations are low amount of flexibility and mobility barriers. The strategic flexibility would be helpful for overcoming the legacy costs, social and political resistance. Net profit: Net profit is another way for determining the financial result for the DBS bank (Kangave et al. 2016). The reports for the DBS bank had shown that the amount of net profit of the bank had doubled in 2014 from the net profit of the year 2010. It has shown that the business has been constantly progressed and the overall net profit had increased remarkably. Competitive advantage: The competitive advantage would be helpful for managing the inevitable restructuring. Barriers to change can be flared upon with the assistance from strategic market orientation and overall costs. The competitiveness of the new entrants would extant firms for combating all the aspects of operations. Annual Investments: According to Samoilenko and Osei-Bryson (2013), Annual Investments is the turnover of money that is being put into the DBS bank for their operations in a financial year and it has been seen that the bank has decided to invest an additional 200 million dollars on their technological development. Even the bank has acquired the private banking business of Generales Asian with an investment of 220 million dollars. Customers turnover: DBS bank has seen a considerable increase in the number of customers in their bank (Samoilenko and Osei-Bryson 2013). The number of digital banking users for DBS bank has risen to over 700 million and at this rate the expected number of users for the bank would turn about to be 1.7 billion till the year 2020. IT portfolio analysis of DBS bank The IT portfolio analysis has shown that the risks on any business object can be classified into two parts systematic and unsystematic risk (Gagliardini and Gourieroux 2013). The systematic risks are the market risks that are not able to be diversified. It includes examples like recession and interest rates. The unsystematic risks are the specified risks that can be diversified at times of need. The risk is measured as the deviation that is observed from the average return of the stock. The four assets of DBS bank are cash, fixed interests, property, and shares (Petters and Dong 2016). The IT portfolio analysis for the business returns with respect to the assets of the DBS bank can be explained as: Valuing the securities that might be included in the liquid cash portfolio Calculating the Desired asset allocation for the banks fixed interests (Petters and Dong 2016) Performing calculations for optimizing the portfolio to get the maximum amount of return for the minimum amount of investment and shares Using financial analysis for monitoring the portfolio to see if it meets expectations and then making changes to the individual securities or asset mix when market conditions warrant a change (Chen 2016) Hence it can be useful for forming the risk portfolio and expected return in the DBS bank. It forms an overview of the financial activities making sure that the risk factors are reluctant for harming the organizational operations. It means that they opt for a less risky portfolio to a more risky portfolio for a given level of return (Gagliardini and Gourieroux 2013). The analysis suggests that a financial specialist will decline during the course of expectation of better return. The hazards of the portfolio are a confused capability of the variations that is observed in every benefit and relationships of all the combined benefits (Chen 2016). The analysis of the advantage relationships had shown that the standard deviation or the aggregate portfolio hazard is less than probable figured out value from the weighted total. Measuring Business Returns for DBS bank The Business returns of the DBS bank can be measured by business case analysis for evaluating investments and benefit outcomes. The business returns can be measured in terms for customer satisfaction, risk reduction, employee engagement, quality of service, and branding. Customer Satisfaction: The customer satisfaction would be helpful for getting increased number of customers for their business organziation (Guerra, Magni and Stefanini 2014). The use of feedback from the customers would help in making sure that the needs of the customers are fulfilled. The attenuation of the customer satisfaction would help in getting more customers at the DBS bank. Risk Reduction: The risk reduction is another form for business return that can be useful for improving the operations of DBS bank (Sirinanda et al. 2015). The reduction of risk can be achieved with the help of risk mitigation strategies. The risk reduction in the operations of the bank would help in gaining more profit for DBS bank from their customers. Employee Engagement: The employee engagement can be resulted from the use of rewards and recognition for employees (Phillips 2012). The employees would get more engaged for performing the duties and work if time to time recognition to the employees is provided. The RR would help in engaging the employees for performing more effectively and with more energy. Quality of Service: The quality of service would be helpful for making sure that the services delivered to the customers are of best in nature. The use of quality analysis would help in keeping the most optimum and best quality of service for DBS bank customers. The customers would be more attracted towards the bank for getting the superior support. Branding: The branding is another form for the business return and it results in increasing the market image of the DBS bank. The brand image of the bank could be helpful for supporting the brand image of the bank. Tangibility analysis of business returns The business returns include the customer satisfaction, risk reduction, employee engagement, quality of service, and branding (Lu-Andrews and Yu-Thompson 2015). The use of feedbacks from customers and survey forms are useful for getting the idea of customers thoughts about the company. The risk reduction would be helpful for reducing the negative impact of risk factors in the organization. The brand image and quality of service are all intangible form of returns that can be analyzed for getting maximum results for improving the operations of the business organizations. Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the various forms of business returns at DBS bank such as customer satisfaction, risk reduction, employee engagement, quality of service, and branding. Their analysis had been a useful component for improving the operations of business organization. The IT portfolio had shown that the risks on any business object is a danger to the resources' changes. The risk and returns of the business activities are related and can be accessed by using the IT portfolio analysis. The customers feedback, survey forms, and growth reports are all tools that had been used for calculating the business returns of the investment. References Chen, J.M., 2016. Modern Portfolio Theory. InPostmodern Portfolio Theory(pp. 5-25). Palgrave Macmillan US. Davenport, T.H., 2013.Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Form, M.R., 2015. RTI Annual Return Information System (2015-2016).month,1, p.04. Gagliardini, P. and Gouriroux, C., 2013. Granularity adjustment for risk measures: Systematic vs unsystematic risks.International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,54(6), pp.717-747. Guerra, M.L., Magni, C.A. and Stefanini, L., 2014. Interval and fuzzy Average Internal Rate of Return for investment appraisal.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,257, pp.217-241. Kangave, J., Nakato, S., Waiswa, R. and Zzimbe, P.L., 2016. Boosting Revenue Collection through Taxing High Net Worth Individuals: The Case of Uganda. Lu-Andrews, R. and Yu-Thompson, Y., 2015. CEO inside debt, asset tangibility, and investment.International Journal of Managerial Finance,11(4), pp.451-479. Petters, A.O. and Dong, X., 2016. Markowitz Portfolio Theory. InAn Introduction to Mathematical Finance with Applications(pp. 83-150). Springer New York. Phillips, J.J., 2012.Return on investment in training and performance improvement programs. Routledge. Samoilenko, S.V. and Osei-Bryson, K.M., 2013. Human Development and Macroeconomic Returns within the Context of Investments in Telecoms: An Exploration of Transition Economies.Information Technology for Development, pp.1-12. Sirinanda, K.G., Brazil, M., Grossman, P.A., Rubinstein, J.H. and Thomas, D.A., 2015. Maximizing the net present value of a Steiner tree.Journal of Global Optimization,62(2), pp.391-407. Yeager, R. and Goldenberg, E., 2012. HERproject women's health program delivers real business returns.Global Business and Organizational Excellence,31(2), pp.24-36.

Social Enterprise and Key Features Free Samples for Students

Question: 1.Describe the social enterprise and key features.2.Identify and Analysis the Market for the Social Enterprises. Answer: Introduction The paper describes Who gives a Crap which is a social enterprise based in Australia. It also provides the history and key features of the enterprise. In addition, the paper identifies and analyses the market in which the social enterprise operates. 7P marketing mix and SWOT analysis are some of the market analyzing strategies that have been used in the paper. Social enterprises are business initiatives which are meant to raise revenue and then use a fraction of the raised revenue in addressing economic, social or economic problems. The enterprise must therefore do everything possible to ensure that they remain competitive in the business market. There is no country where social enterprises are accorded preferential treatment in the business market. Social enterprises must therefore consider the marketing mix. In addition they must carefully analyze the market in which they operate. Since social enterprises uses a portion of their proceeds to improve the lives of people in the societ y, they must be able to carry out business and meet their targets. 1.Description of the Social enterprise and key features Who gives a crap is a social enterprise that was started way back in 2012 by Danny Alexander, Griffiths and Jehan Ratnatunga. The three people came up with the idea when they learned that there are close to 2.3 billion people worldwide who are in dire need of toilets. That was a huge fraction of the worlds total population (Anderson, 2015). The lack of toilets meant that about 40 % of the world population, more so those who live in Sub-Saharan Africa were prone to infections from diarrhea-related diseases. By good luck, it has been proved beyond doubt that accessibility to toilets is the only solution to diarrhea-related diseases. Toilets improve health, quality of life and also provide dignity at the same time (Cunningham, 2016). Research has also shown that investing in a single dollar in sanitation is likely to yield $5.50 regarding economic prosperity. According to the Griffith and his colleagues, that was indeed crap. They therefore, decided to come up with an initiative that would transform the lives of people across the world. Griffith and his friends started Who gives a crap (Marketing Minds, 2012). Who gives crap makes toilet paper, tissues, and paper towel from recycled materials and then sells them to customers. They then dedicate half of the proceeds obtained from the sales towards the building of toilets for people in developing countries. They also provide clean water access and hygiene education. As at now, 120,000 now have access to toilets courtesy of Who Gives A Crap.22, 758 trees have also been saved given that Who Gives A Crap uses recycled materials (Anderson, 2015). The use of eco-friendly materials have in turn led to the preservation of millions of litres of water and reduction of close to 4,000 tons of greenhouse gasses. Griffiths is the current Chief Executive Officer of the social initiative. He is famously known to have sat on a toilet for 50 hours until $ 50,000 was raised by their crowdfunding campaign to start the initiative. Griffith has teamed up with Craig $ Karl in creating some smaller sized toilet roll wrappers. He has taken the move to ensure that they can sell as many toilet papers as possible (Cunningham, 2016). Another reason why they decided to team up with Craig and Karl was to enable them to reach out to new customers. The collaboration with Craig and Karl puts the organization in a good position to market Who Gives A Crap to their fans and also share their story (Cunningham, 2016). 2.Identification and analysis of the market 7Ps Marketing Mix Product /Service Who Gives A Crap deals in generally basic products. Everyone needs toilet papers. Who gives crap makes toilet paper and paper towel from recycled materials. The products are of high quality, useful and convenient for use by the consumers (Anderson, 2015). They are made and packed such that all the customers would have value for their money. In addition; they are donating 50% of their profits. The 50% of profits is channeled towards the building of toilets for people, mostly in developing countries (Desmond Stone, 2007). Price and terms Who Gives A Crap sells their commodities at competitive prices. The prices are very affordable. The fact that they are making their products from recycled materials has enabled them to sell the products at fairly reduced prices and still makes profits. The products are sold to high income earners as well as low income earners, meaning that they must be sold at affordable prices (Lehmann Winer, 2007). Place/Access and availability Toilet papers and paper towels made by the social enterprise is sold in almost all parts of the nation (Cunningham, 2016). The products are easily available in retail shops, wholesale stores, and supermarkets. They can also be purchased from the social enterprises offices and depots. Those who have access to the internet can also access the organizations products online on their website (Ferrell Hartline , 2010). The enterprise has a website whereby customers can access view and compare the prices of various products. Promotion and selling Who Gives A Crap has branding marks on all its products. The branding marks enable customers to distinguish its products from those of its competitors. The fact that it donates 50% of all its profits towards the building of toilets in developing countries is in itself a very serious promotion activity (Marketing Minds, 2012). The idea of constructing toilets has made the organization and its products to become very famous in the countries. The organization has also been able to understand their customers product preferences and taste. They have therefore ensured that the customers are satisfied by the products offered to them (Ferrell Hartline , 2010). People Who Gives A Crap has employed people who make, supply and sell their products to customers. They have people in management, employees and those who provide customer services. The employees who provide customer services are tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that customers are satisfied by the products and services offered by the social enterprise (Anderson, 2015). Process Who Gives A Crap recycles materials and uses them to make tissues and toilet papers. The products are then transported to the marketplaces where they are sold. Proceeds from the selling of the products are then divided into two. 50% of the proceeds are used to construct toilets in developing countries while the other 50% is used in the expansion and day to day running of the organizations activities (Anderson, 2015). Physical environment The physical environment of the organization is clean, presentable, smart and modern. The management of the social enterprise has ensured that all their physical environments across the world are appealing to their customers. Accessibility has also been greatly improved such that all their customers can visit any the premises of the social enterprise without any obstruction (princesstachana, 2016). SWOT Analysis Strength The social enterprise has made for itself a brand name through the building of toilets for people in developing countries. The customers, therefore, have a feeling of ownership in the enterprise. As a result, they promote the sale of their products. Also, the enterprise makes their products from recycled materials which greatly reduce their production cost. Weakness The only weakness of the social enterprise is the inability to monopolize the market completely. Opportunities There are several business organizations such as Craig and Karl that have partnered with the Social Enterprise. Such collaboration markets the products and services offered by the social enterprise. They are therefore able to reach out to more customers (Cunningham, 2016). Threats The social enterprise is only investing 50% of their profits while their competitors are investing all their profits. As a result, their competitors have the edge over them when it comes to the rate of expansion and development (Anderson, 2015). Conclusion Social enterprises work extremely hard in order to raise revenue to sustain their operations. However, they must be aware of the competitors in the market. They must therefore effectively adopt the correct market strategies that would enable them to win as many customers as possible. Social enterprises have had a tremendous impact in communities across the world. Government spending in social projects has declined in the recent past. The organizations have done very well by filling in the gap. References Marnie Cunningham. (2016). Who Gives a Crap: Toilet Paper That's Making a Difference. Global Citizen, 13-15. Anderson, C. (2015). Social Startup 'Who Gives A Crap' Is Making Toilet Paper Cool To Help Those In Need. The Huffington Post, 5-6. Desmond, J., Stone, M. A. (2007). Fundamentals of marketing. London, UK: Routledge. Ferrell, O. C., Hartline , M. D. (2010). Marketing Strategy (5th edition ed.). Chicago: South-Western. Lehmann, D., Winer, R. (2007). Analysis for Marketing Planning (7 ed.). Syndey: McGraw-Hill Education. Marketing Minds. (2012, March 13). Retrieved April 27, 2016, from https://www.marketingminds.com.au/branding/apple_branding_strategy.html. princesstachana. (2016). Who Gives A Crap Tissues and Toilet Paper. Wordpress, 9.

Financial Analysis of Tesco free essay sample

This paper highlights different financial aspects of TESCO Ltd. Company. It identifies different sources of finance for the company. An overview of different financial ratios which represent liquidity, profitability and performance of the company. Then an investment appraisal has been developed for TESCO for further growth, development and expansion of the business. Table of Contents Abstract:2 Introduction:4 Sources of Finance:5 Internal Resources:5 External Sources:6 Recommendations:8 INVESTMENT APPRAISAL:10 Post Completion Review (PCR):10 Methods of Investment Appraisal11 Ratio Analysis:13 Profitability Ratios:13 Return on Assets:15 Efficiency Ratios:17 Liquidity Ratios:20 Quick Ratio:21 Stability Ratios:22 References:23 Introduction: TESCO was founded by Mr. Jack Cohen in 1919, when he initiated to sell surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London. It’s first own brand product was TESCO Tea and its first store was Burnt Oak, Edgware, North London. In 1932 TESCO stores became a private limited company. First modern food warehouse was introduced by TESCO in 1934. In last ten years, the following are the major milestones of TESCO. †¢ Tesco. com was launched and in this was it became online. †¢ TESCO became leading organic retailer in the UK. †¢ TESCO launched ‘Customer Champions’ in its stores. †¢ It entered Malaysia, Japan, Turkey, China, United States, South Korea and India in different types of business opportunities and with different products according to the local requirements. †¢ It became first major British Super Market to enter music download market. †¢ It launched Tesco Homeplus. The current strategy of TESCO is to diversify the business which was laid down in 1997 and it has proved the base of success for the business not only in UK but also in many other markets and it had proved itself as a market leader. Sources of Finance: [pic] Internal Resources: Retained Profit: Retained profit is the amount of profit or dividend which is not distributed to the share holders but retained for the some new investment/project like that. So instead of going to banks or any other outside source of finance, mostly organizations prefer to utilize retained profit. Table and graph showing retained earnings from 2008 to Feb. 2010 [pic] Sale of fixed assets: Sale of fixed assets which are no more needed in the organization due to the replacement of new technology can be a source of finance as well so it would be a sensible decision that instead of paying cost to maintain and stock such fixed assets, those assets should be sold and finance should be obtained. External Sources: Bank Overdraft: When an account reaches zero, even then the company can withdraw the money from the account, this is called overdraft (Sayer 2007). This facility is very important for the company as sometimes it may need to use this facility urgent to accomplish some transaction. HP/ Leasing: According to Sayer (2007), â€Å"An agreement in which one party gains a long-term rental agreement and the other party receives a form of secured long-term debt. † The companies prefer to lease the costly machinery usually instead of purchasing it. The company pays the rent of the leased item as per terms and conditions whereas the leasing companies maintains the items and usually replace whenever there is some problem. Trade Credit: â€Å"Trade credit is an arrangement between businesses to buy goods or services on account, that is, without making immediate cash payment† (Atrill and McLaney 1995). It is the easiest and quickest way to delay the payment without any type of interest. Trade credit is the basic and foremost need of every business. Loans: Loan the amount of money which is borrowed from the financial institution to start a new business or initiate some new projects or products in the existing business. Usually after paying the interest on loan, tax is paid, so some organizations prefer to take loan instead of utilizing the retained earnings for the business requirements. Before issuing loan the financial institution always check the balance sheet of the organization to evaluate the stability and credibility of the business. This is usually done by business analysts. Debentures: â€Å"A debenture is an unsecured bond. Essentially, it is a bond that is not backed by a physical asset or collateral† (Ennew and Waite 2007). Debentures may be convertible or non-convertible. Convertible debentures allow the holder to exchange the debenture for the company’s shares whereas non convertible debentures can never be converted into company’s stock. Normally the interest rate of non convertible debentures is higher than convertible debentures. Preference shares: There are two main characteristics of preference shares which make them different from common stock: i) The holders of preferred stock are given preference in the distribution of dividend. ii) They don’t have the power or right to vote. Preference shares can be converted into common stock. Recommendations: As we look at the balance sheet of TESCO and focusing on short term external sources of finance, we come to know that current liabilities which are actually short term sources of finance are trade and their payables, borrowings, derivative financial instruments and other liabilities, customer deposits and deposits by banks. From the values it is obvious that the current liabilities are increased from 2008 to Feb. 2010 negatively. The most important factor is that they have negative current liabilities. Net current liabilities are shown by the following table and chart. |2008 (? ) |2009(? m) |Feb Feb. 2010(? m) | |(4045) |(4116) |(4250) | Table: Net Current Liabilities [pic] Graph showing Short Term Liabilities of TESCO Long Term Liabilities are the sources of finance which are required to pay by the business in long term i. e. more than one year. Some its examples are Debentures, bank loans and mortgages, venture capital etc. By analyzing the balance sheet of TESCO it is perceived that it has negative non- current liabilities like borrowings, derivative financial instruments and other liabilities in negative which is really an unusual trend and show the strength of the business. Overall it has the following total non-current or long term liabilities. |2008 (? m) |2009(? m) |Feb. 2010(? m) | |(7,946) |(15063) |(15,327) | Table showing total non-current liabilities [pic] Graph showing total non-current liability for three years From the analysis of current and non current liabilities of TESCO it is very much clear that the company is in a very strong position. But at the same time they are missing the opportunity of utilizing the liabilities, so it should expand the business by getting loans, as they have a really good credibility position and every financial institution would wish to be its creditor. INVESTMENT APPRAISAL: When the companies are going well and they are in a strong position, they expand their business which is a good option. TESCO is also working on the same lines; it has already expanded its business to different countries. It entered Malaysia, Japan, Turkey, China, United States, South Korea and India in different types of business opportunities and with different products according to the local requirements. It is very necessary to make an investment proposal. Six Stages of Project Appraisal: Project Identification: First of all it is needed to identify the project which will be the most profitable and will also be least risky. Shareholders will obviously be concerned and interested only in that project which gives them maximum return on the investment. Project screening: it is the stage in which previously guessed feasible project evaluated keeping in view all the aspects of its implementation, profitability and all other matters. It is the main selection stage for the best feasible project. Analyze Implication: In this stage it is evaluated that the implication of the project is feasible or not. So it is completely examined and studied. Project Evaluation: This stage of the project is more concerned with the outcomes of the project. It means after the development of the project is complete what would be the outcomes of the project. It also makes clear that what would be the future prospects. oo Accept or Reject: if the project is feasible in terms of cost, people and other resources and it would be beneficial for the company, and then now the company decides to accept it or reject. As at this stage it is better to reject a non feasible project instead of investing and wasting a large amount of money. Post Completion Review (PCR): According to Hirst and Kerrison (2009), â€Å"A post completion review is a process aimed at assessing, ex post, the efficiency and effectiveness of a capital budgeting decision and of the management of its implementation. It is based on a comparison between planned and actual actions, costs and resource usage, results and benefits. † It encompasses the review of all guesses about markets, technology, personnel, environment, competition, cost of capital, etc. hat were made during the decision-making period. It is the comparison of assumption and the real outcome and it is an ongoing process through which organizations improves.